316 stainless steel
Gnee Steel
Detailed explanation and use of 316 stainless steel
316 stainless steel is a "marine-grade" austenitic stainless steel characterized by the addition of molybdenum, which enhances its resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments such as salt water. Due to its excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and good formability, it is widely used in demanding applications such as pharmaceutical and food processing equipment, chemical and petrochemical equipment, marine fittings, and coastal building structures.
Gnee Steel
What are 316 stainless steel used for?
316 stainless steel is widely used in applications requiring high corrosion resistance, particularly in marine environments and chemical processing. It is a popular choice for products such as marine fittings, chemical containers, and food processing equipment, especially where exposure to chlorides is a concern.
Chemical Composition of 316 Stainless Steel
The chemical composition of 316 stainless steel includes a variety of elements: 16-18% chromium, 10-14% nickel, and 2-3% molybdenum. Table 1 below details its composition.
| Element | Percentage |
| Sulfur | <= 0.030% |
| Phosphorus | <=0.045% |
| Carbon | <= 0.08% |
| Nitrogen | <= 0.10% |
| Silicon | <= 1.00% |
| Manganese | <= 2.00% |
| Molybdenum | 2-3% |
| Nickel | 10-14% |
| Chromium | 16-18% |
| Iron | Balance (69%) |
Physical Properties of 316 Stainless Steel
| Property | Value |
| Density(g/cm3) | 8 |
| Electrical ResistivityΩ .m (at 20ºC) | 0.74 x 10-6 |
| Embodied Energy(MJ/kg) | 53 |
| Calomel Potential | －50 mV |
| Magnetism | Nonmagnetic |
| NOTE: SS 316 is essentially non-magnetic; however, after certain manufacturing processes it can become slightly magnetic. | |
Mechanical Properties of 316 Stainless Steel
| Property | Value |
| Rockwell Hardness | 95 |
| Brinell Hardness | 219 |
| Tensile Strength, Ultimate | 550 MPa (79800 psi ) |
| Tensile Strength, Yield | 240 MPa(34800 psi ) |
| Elongation at Break | 60% |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 193 GPa (28000 ksi ) |
| Izod Impact | 129 J (95.1 ft-lb ) |
| Charpy Impact | 105 J (77.4 ft-lb ) |
Uses of 316 Stainless Steel
316 stainless steel is favored across a wide range of industries for its excellent corrosion resistance, durability, and strength.
Industrial Applications
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries: Its resistance to corrosive chemicals allows it to be used in chemical storage tanks, processing equipment, and piping.
Marine Applications: Its ability to withstand saline environments makes it an ideal choice for shipbuilding, offshore platforms, and coastal construction.
Medical Industries: Its biocompatibility and resistance to body fluids allow it to be used in surgical instruments and implants.
Food and Beverage Industries: Its hygienic properties allow it to be used in processing equipment, storage tanks, and kitchen appliances.
Automotive and Aerospace Industries: Its heat resistance and durability benefit components such as exhaust systems and aircraft parts.
Gnee Steel specializes in the production and sale of a wide range of stainless steel products, including 304, 316, 321, 904, 904L, 2205 Duplex, 2205 Duplex, and 316L stainless steel. Gnee Steel's products are widely used in the kitchen, aerospace, chemical, power, automotive, and nuclear energy sectors. We also provide custom stainless steel solutions tailored to customer needs. For stainless steel pricing or custom alloy solutions, please email ru@gneesteelgroup.com for a quote.
