321 stainless steel round bar
Characteristics, uses and composition of 321 stainless steel round bar
321 stainless steel round bar is a titanium stabilized austenitic stainless steel known for its excellent high temperature properties, including resistance to intergranular corrosion and oxidation, making it suitable for demanding applications. It is essentially 304 type stainless steel with the addition of titanium, which helps prevent carbide precipitation during welding and high temperature processes.
What is the annealing temperature for 321 steel?
1750 - 2050°F
321 steel cannot be hardened by heat treatment. Annealing: Heat to 1750 - 2050°F (954 - 1121°C), then water quench or air cool. 321 steel is easily formed and stretched. However, compared to carbon steel, 321 steel requires higher pressures and exhibits greater springback than standard steel when formed.
Chemical Composition of 321 Stainless Steel
| Element | Carbon, C | Chromium, Cr | Iron, Fe | Manganese, Mn | Nickel, Ni | Nitrogen, N | Phosphorus, P | Silicon, Si | Sulfur, S | Titanium, Ti |
| wt% | ≤ 0.080 | 17 – 19 | Balance | ≤ 2.0 | 9 – 12 | ≤ 0.10 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.75 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 0.70 |
Characteristics of 321 Stainless Steel
321 stainless steel's unique features are primarily reflected in the following three aspects:
The addition of titanium provides excellent high-temperature resistance.
Excellent corrosion resistance, especially against intergranular corrosion.
Good weldability and formability make it suitable for a variety of industrial applications.
Typical Applications of 321 Stainless Steel
| Industry | Application |
| Aerospace | Exhaust systems, combustion chambers, engine parts, heat shields |
| Chemical Processing | Heat exchangers, pressure vessels, piping systems, reactor parts |
| Power Generation | Boiler tubes, superheater tubes, heat exchangers, gas turbines |
| Petrochemical | Refinery piping, catalytic crackers, furnace components, reactor tubes |
| Automotive | Exhaust manifolds, mufflers, catalytic converters, turbocharger components |
| Heat Treatment Equipment | Furnace components, annealing covers, thermocouple sheaths, retorts |
| Oil & Gas | Downhole tubing, flare stacks, piping systems, heat exchangers |
| Food Processing | Heat exchangers, piping systems, sterilizers, evaporators |
Gnee Steel specializes in the production and sale of a wide range of stainless steel products, including 304, 316, 321, 904, 904L, 2205 Duplex, 2205 Duplex, and 316L stainless steel. Gnee Steel's products are widely used in the kitchen, aerospace, chemical, power, automotive, and nuclear energy sectors. We also provide custom stainless steel solutions tailored to customer needs. For stainless steel pricing or custom alloy solutions, please email ru@gneesteelgroup.com for a quote.